Oak  Street 
UNCLASSIFIED 


■vy, 


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STATEMENT  AS  TO  APPROPRIATIONS 
FOR 

THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  OKLAHOMA 

1913-1915 


C.y 


- 


jjgfeg 


The  University  News-Letter 

Vol.  XII  Norman,  Okla.,  Feb.  1,  1913.  No.  IX 

Entered  as  second  class  matter  Nov.  16,  1908,  at  the  postoffice  at 
Norman,  Oklahoma,  under  the  act  of  July  16,  1894. 


STATEMENT  AS  TO  APPROPRIATIONS 


FOR 

THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  OKLAHOMA 

FOR  THE  BIENNIAL  PERIOD 
1913-1914  and  1914-1915 


OF  WE 

SE p 1 9 1934 

UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 


CONTENTS 


Introduction 3 

Buildings 4 

1.  A Heating  and  Power  Plant 4 

2.  A Science  Hall 5 

3.  An  Auditorium  and  Fine  Arts  Building 6 

4.  A President’s  House 6 

5.  A Gymnasium 6 

6.  A Library 7 

Estimated  cost  of  buildings 7 

Table  I.  Number,  cost  and  condition  of  Existing  Buildings 8 

Equipment.  General  Statement 9 

Teaching  Force 9 

Table  II.  Comparative  Table  of  salaries  in  State  Universities 10 

Support  and  Maintenance 11 

Table  III.  Expenditures  and  Estimates 12 

Summary  of  Expenditures  and  Estimates 13 

Discussion  of  Estimates  for  Support  and  Maintenance 14 

I.  Expenditures  for  Salaries  of  Teaching  Force.  14 

II.  Administration  and  General  Expenses 14 

A.  Insurance 14 

B.  Supplies  and  Permanent  Equipment.  14 

Departmental  Estimates 15 

III.  Operation  and  Maintenance  of  Plant 15 

IV.  Additional  Items 16 

A.  Repairs  and  Improvements 16 

B.  Library  Books 16 

C.  New  Departments 17 

Recommendation  as  to  Appropriations 17 

Revenues  from  Land  Sources 17 

A.  Section  Thirteen  Fund 17 

Income 17 

Distribution 18 

B.  New  College  Fund 18 

Income  from  Permanent  Fund 18 

Interest  on  Deferred  Payments  on  Lands  Sold 19 

Rentals  from  Unsold  Lands 19 

C.  Section  Thirty-six — Nine — Three 19 

Summary  of  Revenues  from  Lands 20 

General  Summary 20 

Effect  on  Taxation 29 

Comparison  with  Tax  Levies  of  Other  States 21 

Table  IV.  Amount  per  Capita  of  appropriation 

for  universities  in  Various  States 22 

Number  of  Students  in  Attendance 22 

Oklahoma  Students  in  Other  States 24 

Method  of  Managing  Revenues  from  Lands 24 

A Millage  Tax 25 

Report  of  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Education  25 


To  the  Members  of  the  Legislature,  and 
The  Citizens  of  Oklahoma. 

Your  attention  is  respectfully  called  to  the  following  statement 
setting  forth  the  requirements  of  the  University  of  Oklahoma.  The 
Citizens  of  the  State  undoubtedly  desire  that  the  University  be  devel- 
oped until  it  is  substantially  equivalent  to  the  universities  of  adjacent 
states;  that  it  be  economically  and  efficiently  managed;  and  that  the 
quality  of  instruction  reach  such  standards  as  will  prepare  the  sons 
and  daughters  of  Oklahoma  for  effective  service  both  for  themselves 
and  for  the  State.  The  purpose  of  this  statement  is  to  point  out  some 
of  the  things  that  should  be  done  in  order  to  accomplish  these  results. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

STRATTON  D.  BROOKS 

President  of  the  University 


STATEMENT 


The  justification  for  establishing  and  maintaining  a University  is- 
that  it  perform  a needed  service  for  the  State  and  for  its  citizens. 
That  state  universities  do  perform  services  of  inestimable  value  is 
demonstrated  by  the  records  of  these  institutions  in  other  states. 
There  is  no  doubt  that  the  citizens  of  Oklahoma  desire  their  universi- 
ty to  be  placed  as  soon  as  possible  upon  an  equal  footing  of  efficiency 
and  serviceability  with  the  universities  of  adjacent  states  that  are 
today  the  pride  of  those  states. 

In  order  to  perform  a valuable  service,  the  University  must  have 

A.  Suitable  buildings, 

B.  Ample  equipment, 

C.  An  efficient  teaching  force. 

The  needs  in  each  of  these  lines  are  discussed  below: 

A.  BUILDINGS 

With  the  exception  of  the  Administration  Building  and  the  Law 
School,  every  one  of  the  existing  buildings  is  wholly  inadequate  for 
the  uses  to  which  it  is*  put.  They  are  for  the  most  part  temporary  ex- 
pedients, satisfactory  for  the  University  in  its  earlier  days,  but  now 
largely  unsuitable,  and  seriously  over-crowded  even  with  the  present 
attendance.  A state  the  size  of  Oklahoma  should  have  normally 
about  1600  pupils  attending  its  University,  and  there  seems  little 
doubt  that  if  suitable  accommodations  are  provided,  that  number  will 
be  in  attendance  within  a very  few  years.  If  they  are  not  provided, 
the  students  must  continue  to  go  as  they  are  now  going,  to  the  number 
of  more  than  fifteen  hundred  a year,  to  institutions  outside  of  the 
State. 

The  following  buildings  are  needed: 

I.  A Heating  and  Power  Plant:  At  present  the  boilers  are 
housed  in  a ramshackle  brick  building  to  which  temporary  wooden 
sheds  are  added  from  time  to  time  when  additional  boilers  are  neces- 
sary. The  whole  plant  is  expensive  in  maintenance,  unsightly  in  ap- 
pearance, and  unsatisfactory  in  service.  Furthermore,  the  present 
plant  cannot  furnish  heat  for  the  new  Law  building  which  will  be 
ready  for  occupancy  next  fall. 

Unless  a power  and  heating  plant  is  immediately  constructed,  it 
will  be  impossible  to  maintain  the  work  of  the  University,  except  by 
the  expensive  and  unsatisfactory  process  of  erecting  additional  sheds 
and  installing  temporary  heating  facilities. 

The  College  of  Engineering  has  made  a carefully  considered  plan 
for  a central  plant  so  located  as  to  serve  most  economically  not  only 
the  existing  buildings,  but  all  buildings  to  be  erected  in  the  future. 
The  cost  will  be  approximately  $100,000.00,  which  is  somewhat  more 
than  a strictly  commercial  plant  would  cost,  because  the  University 
plant  will  be  used  also,  as  a laboratory  for  experimental  work  in  com- 
bustion. It  is  essential  that  our  engineering  graduates  have  ample 


5 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations 


opportunity  to  learn  by  practical  work  how  to  test  various  kinds  of 
boilers  and  engines  in  order  that  they  may  attack  intelligently  the 
problem  of  reduced  cost  for  power  in  the  factories  in  which  they  may 
later  be  employed. 

2.  A Science  Hall:  Proper  instruction  in  science  is  such  an 
important  part  of  all  modern  progress  that  without  it  a university 
cannot  hope  to  be  worth  maintaining.  Personal  examination  of  all 
the  best  science  buildings  in  the  country  has  been  made  and  detailed 
plans  completed,  from  which  a fairly  accurate  estimate  of  cost  has 
been  made.  This  estimated  cost  is  $325,000.00 — a large  sum  undoubt- 
edly— but  it  must  be  remembered  that  this  sum  includes  a large  amount 
of  special  equipment  absolutely  essential  in  modern  laboratories. 

It  is  so  absolutely  essential  that  the  University  have  immediately  a 
modern  science  building  sufficiently  commodious  to  provide  for  present 
needs  and  future  growth,  that  a separate  document  entitled  “Facts 
about  the  Science  Buildings  of  the  Universities  of  America”  has  been 
prepared  setting  forth  the  needs  of  the  University  and  showing  what 
is  being  done  in  other  states. 

The  following  summary  of  the  cost  of  buildings  for  science  instruc- 
tion in  other  institutions  as  shown  in  that  document  emphasizes  the 
comparative  lack  of  such  facilities  in  the  University  of  Oklahoma: 


Institution  Number  of  Science  Buildings  Cost  of  Buildings 


Harvard  University 

Wisconsin  University 

Michigan  University 

Minnesota  University 

Pennsylvania  University 

Toronto  University 

Columbia  University 

Yale  University 

Cornell  University 

Illinois  University 

Washington  University 

Cincinnati  University 

Chicago  University 

Stanford  University 

Washington  University  (St.  Louis) 

Dartmouth  College 

Indiana  University 

Ohio  University 

Case  School  of  Applied  Science 

Kansas  University 

Missouri  University 


7 

$1,230,000.00 

6 

851,000.00 

4 

610,000.00 

5 four  of  which  cost 

810,000.00 

5 one  of  which  cost 

500,000.00 

3 

552,000.00 

2 

890,591.00 

5 four  of  which  cost 

1,170,000.00 

3 one  of  which  cost 

294,000.00 

3 

860,000.00 

2 

423,000.00 

4 

600,000.00 

2 

725,000.00 

5 

2 

230,000.00 

3 

207,000.00 

4 

279,000.00 

3 

245,000.00 

2 

137,000.00 

3 

173,000.00 

2 

190,000.00 

6 


The  University  News-Letter 

Institution  Number  of  Science  Buildings  Cost  of  Buildings 
Colorado  University  3 280,000.00 

OKLAHOMA  UNIVERSITY  1 35,000.00 

3.  An  Auditorium  and  Fine  Arts  Building:  The  largest  assem- 
bly room  of  the  University  will  hold  approximately  half  of  the  stu- 
dents now  in  attendance.  Consequently,  those  important  functions 
of  a university  having  much  to  do  with  the  inspiration  and  moral  up- 
lift of  the  student  body  are  seriously  hampered.  The  University  also 
loses  the  valuable  results  that  would  come  from  general  assemblies  of 
students  to  hear  addresses  of  prominent  men  and  women;  nor  can  it 
invite  any  but  the  smaller  educational  conventions  to  meet  at  the 
University.  The  loss  to  the  State  though  intangible,  is  nevertheless 
not  negligible.  Furthermore,  the  University  is  dependent  upon  the 
weather  for  the  conduct  of  commencement  exercises  and  other  assem- 
blies of  such  general  interest  to  the  citizens  that  they  come  in  large 
numbers. 

The  School  of  Fine  Arts  is  now  occupying  rooms  in  the  Adminis- 
tration Building  that  are  very  much  needed  for  classes  in  the  College 
of  Arts  and  Sciences.  Moving  the  School  of  Fine  Arts  to  the  Audi- 
torium Building  would  not  only  provide  that  school  with  more  suitable 
accommodations  but  would  allow  of  the  proper  accommodation  of  the 
increasing  number  of  pupils  in  the  College  of  Arts  and  Sciences.  Ad- 
ditional room  for  the  College  of  Arts  and  Sciences  can  also  be  provid- 
ed in  the  present  Science  Hall  as  soon  as  the  new  one  is  completed. 
Both  of  these  expansions  will  be  necessary  within  two  years. 

The  detailed  plans  have  not  been  sufficiently  completed  to  enable 
an  accurate  estimate  of  cost  to  be  made,  but  it  is  clear  that  a suitable 
building  of  sufficient  size  to  provide  for  both  present  and  future  needs 
will  cost  between  $60,000.00  and  $100,000.00. 

4.  A President’s  House.  The  President  of  the  University  is  in 
duty  bound  to  contribute  in  large  measure  to  that  part  of  the  students’ 
university  education  arising  from  extra-class  activities.  To  perform 
these  duties  properly  requires  a house  adapted  to  such  a purpose.  The 
difficulty  of  renting  or  selling  such  a house  precludes  the  possibility  of 
its  private  construction.  In  recognition  of  these  conditions,  many  uni- 
versities and  colleges  provide  a house  for  the  president.  Similar 
provision  should  be  made  here. 

5.  A Gymnasium.  The  Gymnasium  is  a temporary  wooden 
structure.  It  is  at  present  used  to  its  utmost  capacity,  and  with  the 
prospective  increase  in  students  of  the  next  two  years,  it  will  un- 
questionably be  entirely  inadequate.  The  same  exercise  room  is  used 
for  both  men  and  women,  the  men  having  it  three  days  in  the  week 
and  the  women  two  days.  This  makes  it  very  difficult  to  find  hours 


7 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations 

for  extra  classes  and  for  special  work.  Under  the  present  situation, 
students  whose  physical  condition  demands  special  care  are  often  not 
able  to  secure  it.  The  health  of  the  students  is  of  great  importance, 
and  provision  for  its  protection  must  be  made  at  an  early  date. 

6.  A Library.  The  Carnegie  Library  has  served  its  purpose  very 
satisfactorily  during  the  years  since  its  construction.  The  University, 
however,  should  ultimately  have  a substantial  fire-proof  library  with 
several  times  the  capacity  of  the  present  building.  The  books  now  in 
the  library  are  worth  more  than  the  building  itself,  and  in  case  of  a 
fire  it  is  not  likely  that  many  of  them  could  be  saved.  It  has  taken 
years  of  time  and  labor  and  a considerable  amount  of  money  to  build 
up  this  library,  and  the  books  ought  to  be  better  protected. 

ESTIMATED  COST  OF  BUILDINGS 
Estimates  of  cost  have  been  made  only  for  those  buildings  the  re- 
fusal of  which  will  seriously  hamper  the  work  of  the  University.  The 


approximate  cost  will  be  as  follows: 

Heating  and  Power  Plant $100,000.00 

Science  Building 325,000.00 

Auditorium  and  Fine  Arts  Building 75,000.00 

Total $500,000.00 


It  is  urgently  recommended  that  an  appropriation  of  $500,000.00 
for  buildings  be  made  but  that  the  amount  to  be  devoted  to  each 
building  be  not  specifically  named  in  order  to  allow  any  saving  made 
in  the  construction  of  one  to  be  devoted  to  the  improvement  of  the 
others,  and  with  the  hope  that  $15,000.00,  or  as  much  thereof  as  may 
be  necessary,  may  be  saved  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a president’s 
house. 

In  considering  the  above  needs,  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that 
even  though  ordered  by  this  Legislature  the  buildings  cannot  be  com- 
pleted for  occupancy  much  under  two  years  and  possibly  not  within  a 
longer  period.  In  the  meantime,  the  attendance  at  the  University 
will  have  increased  and  the  present  over-crowded  conditions  will  be 
emphasized. 

It  should  be  remembered  also  that  whether  these  buildings  are 
constructed  now  or  at  a later  date,  the  money  will  undoubtedly  be 
secured  by  means  of  bonds  and  the  difference  between  constructing 
them  now  or  later  is  primarily  only  one  of  interest  for  the  intervening, 
years.  The  advantage  of  immediate  construction  is  that  the  students 
of  the  University  during  these  intervening  years  will  receive  the  best 
instruction  available  and  that  the  University  will  sooner  become  the 
serviceable  institution  that  the  citizens  hope  it  will  become. 

The  number,  condition  and  cost  of  the  existing  buildings  is  shown 
in  Table  1. 


TABLE  I.  NUMBER,  COST,  AND  CONDITION  OF  EXISTING  BUILDINGS 


8 


The  University  News-Letter 


Departments  Using 

Arts  & Sciences,  Fine 
Arts  School,  Adminis- 
tration Offices 

Science  Laboratories, 
Public  Health  Dept. 

Library, 

Law  School 

College  of 

Engineering 

Gymnasium 

Geological  Survey 

Print  Shop 

Anatomy 

Power  House 

Carpenter  Shop 

Tool  Room 

Storage  Room 

Law  Building — Under  construction,  contract  price  for  building  and  fixtures  $125,000. 

BUILDINGS  RENTED  FOR  THE  USE  OF  THE  UNIVERSITY 

Opera  House,  Norman,  Oklahoma.  Rented  by  the  year  for  $1000. 

Fire  & T. 
Insurance 

$148  000 

28  000 

26  400 

16  000 

5 600 

O 

o 

CD 

1 600j 

§ 

OO 

500 

Present 

Value 

$200  000 

30  000 

30  000 

O 

© 

O 

CM 

7 000 

2 000 

2 000 

1 000 

000  T 

500 

40 

O 

First  Cost 

$200  000 

35  000 

arnegie 
Don.  SO  000 

14  000 

Construction 

3 story  and  basement,  brick  and  con- 

crete, composition  roof 

2 story  and  basement,  brick  and  stone 
metal  roof 

2 story  and  basement,  brick  and  stone 

metal  roof 

2 story,  brick,  concrete  floor,  com- 
position roof 

1 story,  frame,  shingle  roof 

1 story,  frame,  metal  roof 

1 story,  frame,  metal  roof 

1 story,  frame,  shingle  roof 

1 story,  brick,  composition  roof 

1 story,  frame,  shingle  roof 

1 story,  frame,  shingle  roof 

1 story,  frame,  shingle  roof 

Size  in  feet 

197x71  1-2 

CM 

X 

CO 

CO 

80x100 

160  1-2x38 

100x100 

48x86 

48x86 

24x92 

40x40 

24x50 

20x30 

O 

X 

© 

(M 

Erected 

1911 

1904 

1904 

1910 

1904 

1904 

1904 

1904 

1903 

1909 

1909 

1902 

Name 

Administration 

Building 

Science 

Hall 

Library 

Engineering 

Building 

Gymnasium 

Building  E 

Print  Shop 

Medical  Building 

Power  House 

Carpenter  Shop 

Tool  Room 

Lumber  and  Storage  R 

JD  "OC 
O .2 
£ 2 


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9 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations 

B.  EQUIPMENT 

The  situation  with  reference  to  equipment  is  especially  serious. 
To  pay  a man  two  dollars  per  day  to  dig  ditches  and  refuse  to  expend 
seventy-five  cents  for  a spade  for  him  to  use  is  no  more  wasteful  than 
to  pay  a man  $1800.00  per  year  to  teach  physics  and  refuse  to  supply 
him  with  the  equipment  necessary  to  make  his  instruction  effective. 

Carefully  detailed  estimates  of  the  permanent  equipment  and  cur- 
rent supplies  highly  essential  for  the  conduct  of  each  department  have 
been  made.  The  amount  requested  for  the  purchase  of  supplies  and 
equipment  for  the  next  biennial  period  is  discussed  on  page  15. 

C.  TEACHING  FORCE 

Even  with  the  best  of  buildings  amply  equipped,  the  University 
can  perform  valuable  service  only  when  it  has  a body  of  thoroughly 
qualified  teachers  surrounded  by  conditions  most  favorable  for  the  best 
work.  The  essential  conditions  are  that  the  appointment  and  reten- 
tion of  teachers  be  based  solely  upon  their  professional  preparation 
and  technical  equipment  for  their  special  work,  and  be  wholly  free 
from  personal  or  partisan  considerations. 

The  action  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  in  granting  teachers 
permanent  tenure  of  office,  and  the  avowed  policy  of  allowing  the 
president  of  the  University  to  make  appointments  solely  with  refer- 
ence to  proficiency,  has  already  done  much  to  improve  the  situation, 
and  if  public  sentiment  is  sufficiently  strong  to  guarantee  the  continu- 
ance of  these  policies,  the  University  will  be  able  to  do  much  better 
work  than  it  has  done  in  recent  years. 

Salaries  must  be  sufficient  to  remove  from  teachers  the  necessity 
of  giving  attention  to  other  work  in  order  to  make  a livelihood,  and 
must  be  fairly  equivalent  to  the  salaries  paid  for  similar  work  in 
similar  institutions.  The  salaries  paid  teachers  in  the  University  are 
much  lower  than  the  salaries  paid  county  officials  in  the  State,  and 
are  at  present  considerably  below  the  salaries  paid  in  the  universities 
of  adjacent  states  as  is  shown  in  Table  II. 


10  The  University  News-Letter 

TABLE  II 

MAXIMUM  AND  MINIMUM  SALARIES  AT  VARIOUS 
STATE  UNIVERSITIES 

(Taken  from  1910  report  of  the  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Education) 

State  Professors  Associate  Assistant  Instructors 

Professors  Professors 

Maximum  Minimum  Maximum  Minimum  Maximum  Minimum  Maximum  Minim 

Arizona $2200  $1800  $1680  $ $1600  $1500  $1300  $1000 


Arkansas  

2500 

2000 

1800 

1500 

1400 

1200 

1200 

900 

California  

5000 

2000 

3000 

2000 

2400 

1200 

1600 

200 

Colorado  

2500 

1600 





1400 

1200 

1000 

800 

Idaho  _ - - 

2000 

1800 

1700 

1600 

1500 

1400 

1200 

Illinois  . . . . _ . 

4000 

2500 

3000 

2100 

2500 

1800 

2200 

600 

Indiana 

2600 

1800 

1600 

1500 

1300 

1000 

1300 

650 

Iowa  _ . 

4400 

1700 

2600 

1500 

1800 

1100 

1400 

800 

Kansas _ 

2250 



1700 



1300 



900 



Michigan  ______ 

3500 

2500 

2200 

2000 

1800 

1600 

1400 

900 

Minnesota 

3700 

2000 

3000 

1000 

2250 

1400 

1700 

600 

Missouri 

3000 

1400 





2000 

1400 

1800 

600 

Montana  _ 

2250 

1800 





1800 

1200 

1200 

1000 

Nebraska  

3000 

1500 

1600 

1200 

1500 

1000 

1200 

600 

Nevada  

2400 

1800 

1800 

1500 

1500 

1200 

1200 

600 

New  Mexico  _ _ 

1500 



1200 



1000 

_ 



North  Dakota 

3500 

2500 

2500 

2200 

2000 

1400 

1500 

1000 

Ohio  University 

2500 

2000 

1700 

1200 

1200 

1000 

1000 

850 

Ohio  State  Univ.  _ _ _ 

4000 

2000 

2000 

1200 

1600 

900 

1300 

600 

OKLAHOMA 

2000 

1500 

1700 

1500 

1600 

1200 

1200 

900 

Oregon  __ 

2500 

1600 





1600 

1200 

1200 

600 

South  Dakota  

1860 

1420 







1200 

1200 

600 

Texas 

3000 

2500 

2750 

2000 

2000 

1600 

1800 

900 

Utah 

2500 

1800 

2100 

1750 

1700 

1300 

1250 

___■_ 

Washington  

2700 

2000 

2000 

2000 

1900 

1500 

1500 

800 

Wisconsin _ 

4000 

2000 

2500 

2000 

2200 

1400 

2000 

800 

Wyoming  __ 

2000 



1800 

1500 

1500 



1400 

800 

The  financial  condition  of  the  State,  however,  scarcely  warrants  at 
the  present  time  any  substantial  increase  in  salaries.  An  examination 
of  the  detailed  estimates  for  salaries  in  Table  III,  page  12,  will  show 
that  the  increase  in  the  salary  schedule  is  very  slight  and  is  account- 
ed for  by  the  necessity  of  adjusting  salaries  in  such  a way  that  men 
of  equal  rank  and  equal  terms  of  service  shall  have  approximately 
equal  salaries,  and  by  the  necessity  of  adding  new  teachers  to  take  care 
of  the  increasing  number  of  students. 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations  1 1 

SUPPORT  AND  MAINTENANCE 

In  addition  to  the  $500,000.00  for  buildings,  recommended  above, 
the  University  needs  for  support  and  maintenance  the  following 
amounts: 

For  the  year  1913-1914 $354,667.40 

For  the  year  1914-1915 283,105.30 

Total $637,772.70 

The  details  on  which  these  amounts  are  based  are  shown  in 
columns  IV  and  V of  Table  III. 


12 


The  University  News-Letter 


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Repairs  and  Improvements 

a.  Administration  Building 

1 Telephone  $3,300.00 

2 Lighting  2,400.00 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations 


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14  The  University  News-Letter 

DISCUSSION  OF  ESTIMATES 

An  examination  of  Table  III  shows  the  following: 
I.  Expenditures  for  Salaries  of  Teaching  Force 


1910- 1911 

1911- 1912 

1912- 1913 

1913- 1914 

1914- 1915 


Total 

$ 87,612.66 
99,036.92 
108,169.19 

122.710.00 

131.710.00 


Increase 


Percentage  of  Increase 


$ 11,424.26  13.1 

9,132.27  9.2 

14,540.81  13.4 

9,000.00  7.3 

The  percentage  of  increase  in  salaries  of  the  teaching  force  is  a 
normal  one  made  necessary  for  the  reasons  set  forth  on  page  9. 

II.  Under  Administration  and  General  Expenses,  two  items  show 
substantial  increases. 

a.  Insurance  (Item  D).  This  increase  is  due  to  the  fact  that  the 
insurance  policies  are  written  for  two  years,  most  of  them  expiring  in 
1913-1914,  and  by  the  fact  that  the  new  Law  School  Building  will  be 
completed  in  that  year.  There  is  reasonable  doubt  as  to  the  wisdom 
of  carrying  insurance  on  modern  fire-proof  buildings  such  as  the  Ad- 
ministration Building  and  the  Law  School  Building,  especially  when 
the  heating  plant  is  not  in  the  building.  If  these  buildings  were  not 
insured,  the  amount  required  for  insurance  could  be  considerably  re- 
duced. 

b.  Supplies  and  Permanent  Equipment  (Item  F).  This  item 
shows  a radical  increase.  The  importance  of  proper  equipment  has 
been  stated  on  page  9 and  cannot  be  over-emphasized.  To  teach 
bacteriology  without  microscopes,  or  botany  without  adequate  facilities 
for  the  growth  and  preparation  of  illustrative  material,  is  the  height 
of  wastefulness.  A radical  increase  in  the  appropriation  for  supplies 
and  equipment  is  the  only  true  economy,  tor  by  this  expenditure  the 
value  and  effectiveness  of  the  University  can  be  increased  many  fold. 
The  amount  requested  is  based  on  careful  detailed  estimates  made  by 
the  heads  of  the  respective  departments  as  shown  below: 


15 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations 

Departmental  Estimates — 1913-14,  1914-15 
F.  Supplies  and  Permanent  Equipment: 

(1)  Department:  1913-1914  1914-1915 


Anatomy  _ _ _ _ _ _ 

__$  600.00 

$ 

600.00 

Bacteriology _ __ 

1125.55 

754.25 

Botany _ 

__  3166.90 

1625.00 

Chemistry  _ _ 

__  3500.00 

3900.00 

Civil  Engineering  . _ _ _ 

__  1320.00 

700.00 

Drawing _ _ _ 

__  200.00 

200.00 

Electrical  Engineering 

__  18350.00 

4350.00 

English  

__  180.00 

Fine  Arts _ 

__  6600.00 

6600.00 

German _ _ _ 

__  100.00 

50.00 

Geology  ___  _ _ 

__  3292.00 

3292.00 

Greek___  __  ^ . 

__  125.00 

125.00 

History  __  

87.50 

87.50 

Latin  _ _ _ . 

60.75 

60.75 

Library  _ __  

__  5787.00 

Mathematics.  . _ _ 

50.00 

50.00 

Mechanical  Engineering 

._  4400.00 

4400.00 

Medicine 

__  24074.00 

11735.00 

Pathology _____  _ _ 

__  1211.30 

606.30 

Pharmacy 

__  882.50 

300.00 

Physical  Training  

__  1401.10 

1484.50 

Physics 

__  7400.00 

5600.00 

Physiology  

__  1300.00 

300.00 

Political  Science 

__  100.00 

100.00 

Printing 

__  1700.00 

1700.00 

Psychology _ _ _ 

__  300.00 

710.00 

Public  Health  Laboratories 

__  1600.00 

1900.00 

Romance  Languages 

._  300.00 

300.00 

School  of  Teaching  _ _ 

__  200.00 

150.00 

Shops  

__  1100.00 

1100.00 

Sociology  and  Economics  _ _ 

__  350.00 

350.00 

Zoology  ___  

__  1625.00 

92488.60 

1150.00 

$54280.30 

<2)  Furniture  and  Fixtures 

_ 3000.00 

3000.00 

3000.00 

3000.00 

Total 

$95,488.60 

$57,280.30 

III.  Under  Operation  and  Maintenance  of  Plant  the  total  is  less 
than  the  expenditures  for  1911-1912  and  but  slightly  in  excess  of  the 
expenditures  of  1912-1913.  The  increase  is  caused  mainly  by  the 


16  The  University  News-Letter 

necessity  of  providing  heat  and  janitor  service  for  the  new  Law 
School  Building. 

IV.  Under  Additional  Items  are  included  several  special  needs 
of  the  University,  of  which  the  explanation  is  as  follows: 

A.  Repairs  and  Improvements. 

The  appropriation  for  the  Administration  Building  was  insufficient 
to  complete  that  building.  A proper  lighting  system  is  absolutely 
essential.  A clock  and  telephone  system  will  save  much  time  and 
greatly  improve  the  efficiency  of  the  University. 

The  lighting  facilities  of  the  Library  should  be  improved  in  order 
to  protect  the  eyesight  of  the  students,  and  the  building  is  in  serious- 
need  of  repairs. 

Sidewalks  are  urgently  needed  to  replace  the  mud  puddles  through 
which  the  students  must  wade  after  each  rain,  and  many  trees  lost 
during  the  preceding  dry  years  should  be  replaced. 

For  more  than  a year  the  present  Science  Hall  has  been  made 
safe  for  occupancy  only  by  temporary  expedients.  Its  further  use  is 
possible  only  if  it  is  made  absolutely  safe  for  occupancy. 

The  City  Council  of  Norman  has  voted  to  pave  two  streets  leading 
to  the  University,  and  the  street  along  the  front  of  the  campus.  One- 
half  the  cost  of  the  latter  street  will  fall  upon  the  University.  The 
pavement  should  also  be  continued  to  the  University  buildings. 

Additional  water  mains  for  fire  protection  have  been  demanded 
by  the  insurance  companies,  and  their  installation  should  not  be 
longer  delayed.  If  they  are  not  installed  the  increase  in  insurance 
rates  will  ultimately  cost  more  than  the  installation  of  the  water 
mains. 

B.  Library  Books. 

With  the  appropriation  of  $125,000.00  made  by  the  last  Legislature, 
a Law  School  Building  is  being  erected  that  is  one  of  the  best  in  the 
United  States.  The  contract  includes  all  needed  equipment  excepting 
a library.  The  necessity  of  a library  is  so  self-evident  as  to  need  no 
argument.  An  appropriation  of  $15,000.00  for  the  purpose,  omitted 
from  the  appropriation  by  the  last  Legislature,  should  be  granted  at 
this  time. 

The  Medical  School  has  practically  no  library.  The  efficiency  of 
the  school  demands  that  a suitable  library  be  provided. 

The  books  in  the  general  library  have  been  well  selected,  but  the 
number  and  variety  of  them  must  be  increased.  A class  of  150  in 
history,  for  example,  cannot  be  referred  to  the  same  book,  unless  sever- 
al copies  are  in  the  Library.  The  loss  of  time  caused  by  students 
waiting  for  books  is  very  great  arid  is  one  of  the  most  serious  draw- 
backs of  the  Universtiy.  The  amounts  asked  for  in  each  of  the  two 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations  17 

years  are  based  upon  the  estimates  of  heads  of  departments  as  to  the 
books  essential  to  the  proper  teaching  of  their  respective  subjects. 

C.  New  Departments. 

Any  one  familiar  with  the  enormous  service  done  in  extension 
work  by  such  universities  as  Wisconsin  will  need  no  argument  as  to 
the  desirability  of  inaugurating  similar  work  in  the  University  of 
Oklahoma.  There  are  but  few  state  universities  that  are  not  expend- 
ing much  more  than  the  $15,000.00  per  year  that  is  requested  for  this 
purpose.  This  amount,  however,  seems  to  be  all  that  can  be  wisely 
expended  until  the  initial  organization  has  been  perfected. 

The  University  now  conducts  most  of  the  courses  necessary  for 
journalism  and  for  commerce  and  industry.  The  moderate  sums  ask- 
ed for  will  enable  the  University  to  add  technical  courses  in  these 
subjects  that  will  prepare  a large  number  of  its  students  for  more  sat- 
isfactory service  in  their  chosen  life  work. 

RECOMMENDATION  AS  TO  APPROPRIATIONS  FOR  SUP- 
PORT AND  MAINTENANCE 

Table  III  shows  that  the  University  needs)  1913-14 
for  support  and  maintenance  j $354,667.40 
The  University  asks  for  apppropriations 

as  follows:  $300,000.00 

Deficit  $54,667.40 

These  deficits  will  be  met  by  revenues  from  lands  and 
as  indicated  below. 

REVENUES  FROM  LANDS 

The  University  receives  revenues  from  lands  from  three  sources; 
(a)  Section  Thirteen  Fund;  (b)  New  College  Fund;  and  (c)  Section 
36-9-3.  The  estimated  revenue  from  each  of  these  three  sources  dur- 
ing the  next  biennial  period  is  as  follows: 

A.  Section  Thirteen  Fund 

The  approximate  revenue  from  the  Section  Thirteen  Fund  and  its 
distribution  among  the  various  institutions  entitled  to  share  therein  is 


shown  below: 

INCOME 

Cash  on  hand  January  1,  1913,  from  rentals $ 89,872.69 

Estimated  rentals  January  1,  1913,  to  January  1,  1914 100,000.00 

Estimated  rentals  January  1,  1914,  to  January  1,  1915 100.000.00 

Total .$289,872.69 


1914-15 

$283,105.30 

$250,000  00 
$33,105.30 
trust  funds 


18 


The  University  News-Letter 


Distribution 

In  accordance  with  Section  I,  Article  II,  Chapter  34,  Session  Laws 
1907-1908: 

A.  One-third  to  the  University  1913-1914  1914-1915  Total 
and  the  University  Preparatory 
School  [Tonkawa] 

1.  The  University  [5-8  of  1-3]  $30,195.07  $30,195.07  $60,390.14 

2.  The  University  Preparatory 


School  at  Tonkawa  [3-8  of  1-3] 
B.  One-third  to  the  Agricultural 
and  Mechanical  College,  and 
to  the  Colored  Agricultural 
and  Normal  University 

1.  The  Agricultural  and  Me- 

18,117.05 

18,117.04 

36,234.09 

chanical  College  [9-10  of  1,3] 

2.  The  Colored  Agricultural  and 

43,480.90 

43,480.91 

86,961.81 

Normal  University  [1-10  of  1-3]  4,831.21 

C.  One-third  to  the  Normal  Schools 

1.  The  Central  Normal  School 

4,831.21 

9,662.42 

[1-6  of  1-3] 

2.  The  Northwestern  Normal 

8,052.02 

8,052.02 

16,104.04 

School  [1-6  of  1-3] 

3.  The  East  Central  Normal 

8,052.02 

8,052.02 

16,104.04 

School  [1-6  of  1-3] 

4.  The  Southwestern  Normal 

8,052.02 

8,052.02 

16,104.04 

School  [1-6  of  1-3] 

5.  The  Southeastern  Normal 

8,052.02 

8,052.02 

16,104,04 

School  [1-6  of  1-3] 

6.  The  Northeastern  Normal 

8,052.02 

8,052.02 

16,104.04 

School  [1-6  of  1-3] 

Total 

8,052.02 

8,052.02 

16,104.04 

$289,872.69 

B.  New  College  Fund 


In  accordance  with  Section  1,  Article  V,  Chapter  28,  Session  Laws 
of  1909,  250,000  acres  of  New  College  land  were  granted  to  the  Univer- 
sity. The  income  from  these  lands  is  as  follows: 

I.  Permanent  Fund. 

The  cash  on  hand  January  1,  1913,  from  sale  of  land  belonging 
to  the  University  was  $15,060.17.  The  income  from  the  perma- 


nent fund  is  as  follows: 

Interest  on  hand  January  1,  1913 599.52 

Estimated  interest  from  January  1,  1913  to  January  1, 

1914,  at  5 per  cent 753.00 


19 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations 


Estimated  interest  from  January  1,  1914,  to  January  1, 

1915,  at  5 per  cent 753.00 

Sub  Total $2,105.52 

II.  Interest  on  deferred  payments  on  land  sold. 

Interest  accrued  to  January  1,  1913 $7,396.13 

Estimated  interest  from  January  1,  1913,  to  January  1, 

1914  7,411.51 

Estimated  interest  from  January  1,  1914,  to  January  1, 

1915  7,211.60 

Sub  Total $22,019.24 

III.  Rentals  of  unsold  lands. 

Cash  on  hand  January  1, 1913  [$10,200.75  less  proportion- 
ate cost  of  administration  $389.33] 9,811.42 

Estimated  rentals  January  1,  1913,  to  January  1,  1914  _ 5,432.38 

Estimated  rentals  January  1, 1914,  to  January  1,  1915  __  5,432.38 

Sub  Total $20,676.18 


The  revenues  of  the  University  from  the  New  College  Fund  will 
therefore  be  approximately  as  follows: 

1913-1914  1914-1915  Total 

I.  Interest  on  permanent  fund  $ 1,352.52  $ 753.00  $ 2,105.52 

II.  Interest  on  deferred  payments  14,807.64  7,211.60  22,019.24 

III.  Rentals  on  unsold  lands  15,243.80  5,432.38  20,676.18 

Total $31,403.96  $13,396.98  $44,800.94 

This  total  will  be  reduced  by  the  cost  of  management.  A separate 
appropriation  is  made  for  the  cost  of  administering  the  Section  Thir- 
teen Fund  and  similar  provision  should  be  made  for  the  administration 
of  the  New  College  Fund,  especially  since  both  funds  are  managed  by 
the  Commissioners  of  the  Land  Office. 

Since  the  revenues  from  the  New  College  Fund  for  other  State 


schools  depend  upon  the  sale  and  rental  of  the  particular  lands  as- 
signed to  them,  no  statement  of  these  revenues  is  made  here. 


C.  Section  Thirty-six — Nine — Three 
By  Act  of  Congress,  approved  February  25,  1907,  34  United  States 
Statutes,  at  Large,  part  one,  page  932  and  accepted  by  Section  3,  Article 
XV,  Chapter  5,  Session  Laws  of  1907-1908,  section  thirty-six,  township 
nine  north,  range  three  west  of  the  Indian  Meridian,  Cleveland  County, 
was  granted  to  the  University. 

The  revenues  from  this  section  available  during  the  next  two  years 


will  be  as  follows: 

Rent  from  January  1,  1910  to  January  1,  1911 $1,233.33 

Rent  from  January  1,  1911  to  January  1,  1912 1,225.00 

Rent  from  January  1,  1912  to  January  1,  1913 1,205.00 

Rent  from  January  1,  1913  to  January  1,  1914 1,200.00 

Rent  from  January  1,  1914  to  January  1,  1915 1,200.00 

Total  _$(j,U63.33 


This  amount  will  be  slightly  increased  by  interest  on  deferred 


20 


The  University  News-Letter 


payments.  The  approximate  amount  available  for  each  year  of  the 
biennial  period  will  be  as  follows: 


For  the  year  1913-1914 

For  the  year  1914-1915 

.$3,663.33 

2,400.00 

SUMMARY  OF 

REVENUES  FROM  LAND 

Section  Thirteen  Fund__.  _ . 

New  College  Fund 

Section  36 — 9 — 3 . . ...  _ . 

1913-1914 

$ 30,195.07 

31,403.96 

3,663.33 

1914-1915 
$ 30,195.07 
13,396.98 
2,400.00 

Total 

$ 65,262.36 

$ 45,992.05 

GENERAL  SUMMARY 

Appropriations  requested 
Land  Revenues __  ...  

1913-1914 

$300,000.00 

65,262.36 

1914-1915 

$250,000.00 

45,992.05 

Total $365,262.36  $295,992.05 

Needs  of  the  University 354,667.40  283,105.30 


Excess $ 10,594.96  $12,886.18 

It  appears  from  this  summary  that  the  apparent  revenues  will  ex- 
ceed the  stated  needs  of  the  University  by  $10,554.96  in  1913-1914,  and 
by  $12,886.18  in  1914-1915. 

Since  the  amounts  stated  above  as  revenues  from  lands  are  maxi- 
mums  and  may  be  reduced  by  deferred  payments  and  other  items, 
and  since  on  the  other  hand  the  estimates  of  expenditures  are  mini- 
mums  that  in  some  cases  will  probably  be  necessarily  increased,  the 
actual  differences  will  be  much  less  than  the  amounts  named,  and 
offer  a reasonable  margin  of  variation.  Should  any  actual  saving  oc- 
cur, it  may  well  be  devoted  to  additional  library  and  laboratory  equip- 
ment or  to  the  extension  work  of  the  University. 

EFFECT  ON  TAXATION 

The  University  is  mindful  of  the  urgent  necessity  of  reducing  tax- 
ation, but  nevertheless  feels  justified  in  asking  for  an  increased  appro- 
priation. The  effect  of  this  increase  should  be  made  clear. 

On  the  tax  bill  of  a citizen  of  Norman,  the  following  appears: 
Valuation  State  Tax  County  Tax  School  Tax  Total 
$1000.00  $2.26  $18.44  $8.04  $28.74 

The  appropriation  for  the  University  is  less  than  one-twentieth  of 
the  total  State  tax.  The  amount  of  tax  paid  by  this  citizen  for  the 
support  of  the  University  was,  therefore,  11  3-10  cents.  On  the  basis 
of  the  appropriations  asked  for  during  the  next  biennium,  the  tax  per 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations  21 

$1000  of  assessed  valuation  for  the  University  would  be  22  6-10  cents  in 
1913-1914  and  18  8-10  cents  in  1914-1915. 

An  examination  of  the  above  tax  bill  will  show  that  the  oppor- 
tunity to  reduce  appreciably  the  rate  of  taxation  does  not  lie  in  the 
field  of  the  State  tax,  and  in  so  far  as  it  does  lie  in  this  field  no  citizen 
mindful  of  the  future  welfare  of  the  youth  of  the  State  would  desire 
to  reduce  the  efficiency  of  the  University.  True  economy  here  does 
not  lie  in  reducing  the  amount  expended  but  rather  in  providing  for 
its  expenditure  in  such  a way  as  to  insure  the  best  results. 

COMPARISON  WITH  TAX  LEVIES  OF  OTHER  STATES 

An  examination  of  the  appropriations  made  by  other  states  shows 
that  the  University  of  Oklahoma  receives  less  per  capita  of  population 
than  is  granted  in  most  states  in  which  conditions  are  fairly  compar- 
able. 


22 


The  University  News-Letter 

TABLE  IV 

Showing  amount  per  capita  of  population  of  state  appropriations 
for  state  universities. 

I.  States  Having  over  a Million  Population 

State  Amount  per 


State  University 

Population  Appropriation 
[1910]  [1911] 

Capita 

Minnesota  _ . . 

2,075,708 

$ 929,662 

$0,448 

Wisconsin  __  

. 2,333, 860 

1,013,765 

0.434 

Nebraska 

1,191,214 

395,960 

0.339 

California  _ _ 

2,377,549 

790,017 

0.332 

Washington . 

1,141,990 

313,811 

0.274 

Michigan  

2,810,173 

659,287 

0.234 

Kansas  _ _ _ 

1,690,949 

368,978 

0.218 

Iowa 

2,224,771 

328,698 

0.147 

Missouri  

3,293,335 

473,629 

0.140 

Illinois _ _ 

5,638,591 

663,000 

0.117 

Ohio 

4,767,121 

496,521 

0.104 

OKLAHOMA 

1,657,155 

150,000 

0.090 

Arkansas . 

1,574,449 

134,900 

0.085 

II.  Smaller  States 

In  comparison  with  state  universities  in  smaller  states  the  showing 
for  Oklahoma  is  even  more  unfavorable. 


Nevada _ . 

81,875 

$121,565 

$1,484 

Utah 

373,351 

160,446 

0.429 

Colorado  _ . 

477,024 

190,000 

0.237 

Wyoming  ..  _ _ _ _ _ . 

145,965 

33,885 

0.232 

Arizona 

204,354 

42,050 

0.205 

North  Dakota 

577,056 

116,243 

0.201 

Montana 

376,053 

70,000 

0.186 

Oregon  . 

672,765 

125,000 

0.185 

Idaho 

325,594 

52,000 

0.159 

South  Dakota _ _ _ 

583,888 

80,500 

0.137 

New  Mexico  _ _ _ 

3^7,301 

32,000 

0.097 

OKLAHOMA 

1,657,155 

150,000 

0.090 

NUMBER  OF  STUDENTS  IN  ATTENDANCE 

It  is  of  course  impossible  to  tell  at  what  rate  the  attendance  at 
the  University  will  increase.  In  most  states  the  attendance  at  the 
State  University  is  about  one  student  for  each  thousand  of  population. 
On  this  basis  the  total  enrollment  at  the  University  should  be  about 
1600.  Since  the  total  enrollment  for  1912-1913  will  be  approximately 
900,  which  is  considerably  below  the  normal  expectation,  it  seems 


23 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations 

probable  that  during  the  next  biennium  a rapidly  increasing  number 
of  students  must  be  provided  for.  The  enrollment  by  schools  and 
colleges  from  1900  to  1912  is  shown  in  Table  V. 


TABLE  V 

Enrollment  by  Schools  and  Colleges 
From  1900  to  1912 


YEAR 

G AD. 

A.  & S. 

FINE  ARTS 

LAW 

MED. 

PHAR. 

ENGR. 

PREP. 

TOTAL  || 

SUM. 

TOTALA 

PREP. 

COLLEGE 

TOTAL 

1900-01 

56 

81+* 

8- 

41 

238 

393 

1901-02 

79 

38  * 

8 

22 

254 

359 

1902-03 

115 

76  * 

8 

19 

288 

465 

1903-04 

128 

77  * 

5 

25 

4 

250 

467 

1904-05 

125 

113  * 

7 

43 

15 

214 

475 

1905-06 

152 

133  * 

16 

43 

34 

261 

600 

1906-07 

158 

156  * 

13 

45 

43 

229 

623 

1907-08 

3 

194 

203  * 

15 

51 

55 

251 

708 

1908  09 

6 

216 

103 

78 

181 

16 

42 

51 

214 

646 

124 

696 

1909-10 

11 

293 

63 

88 

151 

45 

21 

54 

50 

132 

692 

1910-11 

23 

393 

67 

131 

198 

92 

63 

56 

46 

821 

163 

870 

1911-12 

20 

326 

50 

118 

168 

115 

53 

58 

43 

— 

738 

143 

793 

+Music. 


-Pre-Medical. 

aTMs  total  includes  summer  session,  duplicates  not  counted. 

1 This  total  does  not  include  summer  session  students. 

*Number  of  preparatory  and  college  students  not  known. 

At  the  University  there  is  no  general  assembly  of  the  students  at 
which  a record  of  attendance  can  be  made.  We  have,  however,  found 
the  number  actually  enrolled  on  the  first  of  each  month,  for  the  first 
semester  of  1911-1912  and  for  the  first  semester  of  the  year  1912-1913. 
From  each  of  these  figures  we  have  deducted  the  number  of  students 
who  withdrew  during  the  previous  month,  and  the  results  have  been 
averaged  to  get  the  average  regular  attendance  for  the  semester. 


First  Semester,  1912-1913 


Date  Registered  Withdrawals  Actually 

To  Date  To  Date  Enrolled 
Previous  to  October  1 but  withdrawing  before  October  1.  4 

October  1 650  4 646 

November  1 685  20  665 

December  1 ___694  33  661 

January  1 701  40  661 


Average  number  students  in  attendance  for  semester 659 


24 


The  University  News-Letter 

First  Semester,  1911-1912 


Date  Registered  Withdrawals  Actually 

Enrolled 

Previous  to  October  1,  but  withdrawing  before  October  1 5 

October  1 590  5 585 

November  1 637  14  623 

December  1 652  30  622 

January  1 664  36  628 


Average  number  students  in  attendance  for  semester 615 

1911-1912  1912-1913 


Average  attendance  first  semester 615  ' 659 

Enrolled  to  January  1 664  701 


OKLAHOMA  STUDENTS  IN  OTHER  STATES 


An  examination  of  the  catalogs  of  such  educational  institutions  as 
were  available  shows  that  over  a thousand  students  residing  in  Okla- 
homa are  attending  schools  outside  of  the  State.  If  complete  lists 
were  made,  there  is  no  doubt  that  the  total  would  exceed  1,500  and 
might  possibly  reach  2,000.  While  it  is  desirable  that  a portion  of  our 
young  men  and  women  seek  education  elsewhere  there  is  no  justifica- 
tion in  allowing  the  present  condition  to  continue  indefinitely.  It  will 
be  of  inestimable  value  to  the  State  to  have  its  sons  and  daughters 
educated  at  home,  remain  in  touch  with  local  conditions  and  be  pre- 
pared to  take  their  places  in  the  work  of  developing  our  State. 

The  State  also  suffers  a substantial  financial  loss.  The  average 
annual  expenses  of  the  students  attending  college  outside  of  Oklahoma 
is  probably  about  $500.00  each.  There  is  thus  taken  from  our  State 
annually  about  three  quarters  of  a million  of  dollars,  most  of  which 
should  be  expended  here  and  will  be  so  expended  as  soon  as  the 
University  has  proper  buildings  and  equipment. 

METHOD  OF  MANAGING  REVENUES  FROM  LANDS 


Attention  is  called  to  the  situation  with  reference  to  revenues 
from  land  and  permanent  funds.  In  1909  and  1910  these  revenues 
were  apportioned  to  the  University  and  to  other  state  schools  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  apportionment  established  by  law.  In  1911,  the 
Legislature  made  specific  appropriations  of  the  revenues. 

At  present  the  University  has  funds  “apportioned”  to  it  and  other 
funds  from  the  same  source  “appropriated”  for  it.  In  order  to  estab- 
lish a definite  method  of  procedure  for  the  University  and  other  State 
educational  institutions  a bill  [Senate  Bill  No — ] has  been  prepared 
with  the  assistance  of  the  attorney  of  the  Commissioner  of  the  Land 
Office.  The  bill  is  based  on  the  belief  that  since  these  funds  were 


25 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations 

granted  by  Act  of  Congress  of  the  United  States  and  are  not  derived 
from  public  taxation,  they  are  not  subject  to  the  provision  of  the  State 
constitution  with  reference  to  specific  appropriation  pnd  do  not  revert 
to  the  State  in  case  they  are  unexpended  within  a given  period.  By 
the  terms  of  the  grant,  these  funds  are  set  aside  for  the  purposes 
named  and  the  duty  of  the  Legislature  ends  with  apportioning 
them  among  the  various  institutions  entitled  thereto  and  to  prescrib- 
ing the  method  of  expenditure.  A decision  of  the  court  to  this  effect 
has  been  rendered  in  a similar  case  arising  in  another  state.  The 
passage  of  this  bill  will  give  to  each  of  the  schools  entitled  thereto  its 
share  of  the  revenues  derived  from  lands  and  trust  funds  and  will 
render  unnecessary  special  appropriation  bills  accomplishing  the  same 
purpose  in  a less  desirable  way.  It  will  also  to  some  extent  reduce 
the  tendency  of  the  State  educational  institutions  to  become  entangled 
in  the  politics  usually  surrounding  the  securing  of  appropriations. 

A MILLAGE  TAX 

A further  step  in  the  direction  of  removing  the  state  educational 
institutions  from  political  influence  should  be  taken  by  placing  all 
such  institutions,  the  permanency  of  which  is  unquestioned,  upon  a 
millage  basis.  A constitutional  amendment  allowing  the  Legislature 
to  take  such  action  should  be  made.  Many  educational  institutions  in 
other  states  have  been  placed  upon  the  millage  basis  and  it  is  the  un- 
animous testimony  of  all  that  great  advantages  have  arisen  therefrom 
because  of  the  removal  of  the  institution  from  political  pressure  and 
because  of  the  possibility  of  better  planning  the  progress  of  the  insti- 
tution when  the  approximate  resources  for  a series  of  years  are  known 
in  advance. 

REPORT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  BUREAU  OF  EDU- 
CATION 

There  is  printed  herewith  the  report  of  Dr.  Kendric  C.  Babcock, 
Inspector  of  Higher  Educational  Institutions  for  the  United  States 
Bureau  of  Education. 

It  is  a pleasure  to  have  the  opinion  of  an  expert  that  in  many  re- 
spects the  University  is  satisfactory.  The  University  recognizes  the 
justice  of  his  criticism  of  the  University  in  other  respects,  and  prints 
the  report  in  order  that  the  citizens  of  Oklahoma  may  know  to  what 
extent  their  University  is  defective  and  may  thus  cooperate  intelli- 
gently with  the  authorities  of  the  University  in  building  up  as  speed- 
ily as  possible  an  institution  of  which  we  may  all  be  proud. 


26  The  University  News-Letter 

REPORT  OF  DR.  K.  C.  BABCOCK,  INSPECTOR  OF 
HIGHER  EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS  FOR  THE 
UNITED  STATES  BUREAU  OF  EDUCATION 


REPORT  ON  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  OKLAHOMA 

December  26,  1912. 

I.  Inspection 

Inspection  was  made  October  15th  to  18th,  1912,  immediately  fol- 
lowing the  formal  inauguration  of  President  Brooks,  who  had,  how- 
ever, been  in  service  since  last  spring.  The  University  was  seen  un- 
der practically  normal  conditions,  since  the  single  day  of  inaugural 
festivities  did  not  greatly  disturb  the  usual  routine  of  instruction. 

Several  conferences  were  held  with  President  Brooks;  Dean  Mon- 
net  of  the  Law  School,  who  was  acting  president  in  1911-12;  and  Dean 
Buchanan.  Nearly  all  of  the  heads  of  departments  and  many  of  the 
professors  and  instructors  were  interviewed  and  many  of  them  seen 
at  work  in  their  class-rooms  and  laboratories.  With  these  men  were 
discussed  the  organization  and  scope  of  their  work,  the  needs  of  their 
departments  and  of  the  University,  and  the  quality  of  the  student 
material  furnished  by  the  secondary  schools  of  the  State  under  present 
conditions.  No  attempt  to  inspect  the  work  of  the  Medical  Depart- 
ment was  made. 


II.  Plant 

The  University  is  located  in  the  suburbs  of  the  little  city  of  Nor- 
man, about  eighteen  miles  from  Oklahoma  City.  The  campus  is  a 
spacious,  well-selected  tract,  upon  which  a large  number  of  trees  has 
been  planted.  The  buildings  as  a whole,  with  the  exception  of  the 
administration  building,  a very  fine  brick  and  stone  structure  now 
used  for  instruction  also,  are  mediocre  and  inadequate  even  for  the 
current  needs  of  the  institution.  A handsome  new  law  school  is  now 
under  construction,  and  this  will  give  some  relief;  but  not  more  than 
four  or  five  rooms  in  the  library  building,  in  the  basement  of  which 
the  Law  School  and  its  library  have  been  crowded,  will  be  released 
for  general  purposes,  and  these  will  soon  be  needed  for  the  library  it- 
self. A new  science  building  is  needed,  in  order  to  place  the  work  in 
the  several  departments  in  more  satisfactory  condition.  Geology  and 
botany  fare  better  than  the  others  in  the  matter  of  accommodations, 
though  they  share  one  modest  building  with  chemistry,  pharmacy, 
pathology,  histology,  bacteriology  and  the  laboratories  of  the  State 
Pure  Food  and  Health  Commissions. 

The  engineering  building,  a plain  brick  and  concrete  structure, 
while  fairly  adequate  for  immediate  needs,  is  hardly  more  than  a 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations  27 

makeshift  and  will  soon  be  outgrown,  if  much  development  in  engi- 
neering is  undertaken. 

The  gymnasium  is  anything  but  a credit  to  the  University.  Its 
lighting  is  bad,  its  ventilation  is  worse,  and  the  arrangement  and 
condition  of  dressing-rooms  and  baths  are  unsanitary  to  an  alarming 
degree. 

The  general  upkeep  of  the  plant,  considering  the  stage  of  its  de- 
velopment, is  good.  It  shows  signs  of  recent  improvement. 

III.  Organization 

The  University  has  no  peculiarity  of  organization.  It  consists  of  a 
Graduate  School,  which  is  scarcely  more  than  a beginning,  limiting 
itself  to  the  work  for  the  master’s  degree;  a College  of  Arts  and 
Sciences  (including  a School  of  Teaching);  College  of  Engineering; 
Schools  of  Fine  Arts,  Law,  Medicine,  and  Pharmacy.  Since  1909  the 
State  has  maintained  a separate  School  of  Mines  and  Metallurgy,  but 
the  College  of  Engineering  of  the  University  includes  a School  of 
Mining  Geology.  Courses  in  various  kinds  of  engineering  are  also 
given,  under  the  authority  of  the  State,  at  the  Oklahoma  Agricultural 
and  Mechanical  College,  where  a new  building  for  engineering  has 
just  been  completed.  Oklahoma  thus  illustrates  the  questionable 
policy  of  distributing  its  engineering  work  among  three  higher  educa- 
tional institutions.  The  State  is  now  and  will  continue  indefinitely  to 
be  predominantly  agricultural,  and  the  demand  for  standard  high- 
grade  engineering  training  could  well  be  met  by  a single  agency,  in 
which  should  be  developed  a body  of  teachers  and  students  suf- 
ficiently large  to  give  both  impetus  and  enthusiasm  to  engineering  in- 
struction of  standard  quality.  Needed  opportunities  for  purely  voca- 
tional and  secondary  training  might  well  be  distributed,  just  as  voca- 
tional instruction  in  agriculture  is  now  developed  in  Oklahoma  and 
neighboring  states.  The  equipment  and  spirit  of  the  work  in  mechan- 
ic arts  in  the  Oklahoma  City  high  school  is  an  excellent  illustration  of 
what  other  communities  may  be  expected  to  undertake. 

Another  feature  of  the  present  situation  in  Oklahoma  is  the  fact 
that  the  State  stands  sponsor  for  granting  different  grades  of  the 
same  degree  by  different  institutions.  The  degree  of  Bachelor  of 
Science  is  granted  upon  one  basis  at  the  University  and  upon  another 
basis  at  the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  College.  An  engineering 
student  in  the  latter  case  bases  his  four-year  course  upon  two  years 
of  high  school  work  or  upon  examinations  representing  not  more  than 
five  units  of  the  ordinary  admission  subjects;  an  engineering  student 
in  the  University  bases  his  four-year  course  leading  to  the  degree  of 
Bachelor  of  Science,  in  one  of  the  engineering  divisions,  upon  a standard 
four-years  high  school  course.  The  University  is  bound  to  suffer  in 


28  The  University  News-Letter 

enrollment  and  in  its  attempt  to  build  up  standard  engineering  courses 
in  a good  scientific  or  university  atmosphere,  so  long  as  this  differ- 
ence in  institutional  requirements  continues  to  exist.  The  State  can- 
not afford  indefinitely  to  grant  degrees  of  the  same  name  with  vary- 
ing significance,  any  more  than  it  could  afford  to  mint  dollars  of  vary- 
ing weight. 

The  School  of  Fine  Arts  is  the  section  of  the  University  organiz- 
ation which  is  most  open  to  objection  on  the  ground  of  the  elaborate 
announcements  which  it  makes,  especially  in  art,  drawing  and  paint- 
ing. These  are  discussed  further  under  Section  V. 

The  work  of  the  Medical  School  is  divided,  two  years  being  given 
at  Norman  and  two  years  at  Oklahoma  City.  But  for  a slight  deficiency 
in  the  matter  of  hospital  facilities,  the  Council  on  Medical  Education 
of  the  American  Medical  Association  would  have  been  able  to  list  this 
Medical  School  in  its  Class  A. 

■ The  revenues  of  the  institution  amount  to  about  $175,000  per 
year.  These  are  derived  chiefly  from  appropriations  by  the  Legisla- 
ture. About  $22,000  per  year  represents  the  income  from  the  lands 
received  from  the  Federal  Government. 

IV.  Administration 

The  business  administration  of  the  University,  from  the  somewhat 
cursory  inquiry  which  I made,  appears  to  be  carried  on  in  a sensible 
manner,  with  a budget  system  for  the  different  departments.  The 
equalization  of  the  use  of  the  different  parts  of  the  plant  will  be 
worked  out  further  by  President  Brooks.  The  proportion  of  education- 
al expenditure  to  administration  charges  seems  satisfactory.  I found 
no  evidence  of  unduly  large  charges  for  clerical  staff,  registrars,  deans, 
etc. 

President  Brooks  accepted  the  Presidency  of  the  University  of  Ok- 
lahoma with  very  definite  pledges  on  the  part  of  the  Board  of  Edu- 
cation not  to  interfere  with  his  management  of  the  institution.  This 
pledge  was  publicly  acknowledged  by  the  President  of  the  Board  in 
his  address  during  the  inaugural  exercises.  In  view  of  the  various 
changes  of  the  last  five  years  and  of  the  unfortunate  notoriety  into 
which  they  brought  the  University  and  its  governing  boards,  it  is 
gratifying  to  find  this  Board  ready  to  seek  a strong  man,  experienced 
in  educational  administration,  to  pay  him  well,  and  to  give  him 
powers  commensurate  with  the  responsibilities  laid  upon  him.  It  is 
also  gratifying  to  be  able  to  report  that  I found  no  evidence  that  the 
Board  has  thus  far  failed  to  keep  its  pledges  to  the  President.  Out- 
side attempts  have  been  made  to  use  political  pressure,  but  both  the 
Board  and  the  Governor  have  supported  the  President. 

It  is  quite  obvious,  however,  that  the  Board  of  Education  is  not 


29 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations 

out  of  politics,  though  the  responsibility  for  this  condition  cannot  be 
easily  determined.  Three  members  of  the  Board  were  removed  “for 
cause”  by  the  Governor  last  June,  on  account  of  differences  between 
the  Governor  and  the  Board,  seemingly  over  matters  relating  to  the 
State  adoption  of  text-books  and  to  certain  appointments  made  by  the 
Board  during  the  preceding  year.  The  President  of  the  Board,  who  is 
the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  a member  ex  officio,  was  not 
removed.  The  legality  of  the  new  appointments  by  the  Governor  was 
contested  by  the  members  of  the  old  Board  and  a temporary  injunction 
prevented  the  Board  from  meeting  and  inducting  into  office  the  new 
members.  The  State  Senate,  called  by  the  Governor  to  meet  in  special 
session  December  3rd,  refused  to  confirm  any  appointees  on  the 
Board.  The  Governor  therefore  appointed  a temporary  Board,  with 
the  understanding  that  the  settlement  of  the  whole  matter  should  be 
referred  to  the  Legislature,  when  it  meets  in  January.  Practically  for 
some  months  the  President  has.  had  to  run  the  University  without  a 
Board  or  to  close  the  institution.  There  are  abundant  evidences  of 
strong  public  sentiment  against  interference  with  the  affairs  of  the 
University  for  political,  partisan,  or  personal  reasons.  This  sentiment 
seems  to  be  strong  and  vigorous  enough  to  constitute  a safe  reliance 
in  the  development  of  a progressive  policy  by  the  new  administration. 
It  should  be  noted  in  this  connection  that  this  Board  of  Education, 
which  controls  so  large  a proportion  of  the  higher  educational  institu- 
tions of  the  State,  does  not  control  the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical 
College,  which  is  by  law  placed  under  the  authority  of  the  State  Board 
of  Agriculture.  It  would  be  hardly  fair,  therefore,  to  compare  this  de- 
gree of  centralization  of  control  of  higher  educational  institutions  with 
the  plan  of  a central  board  in  other  states  which  controls  the  agricul- 
tural college  as  well  as  the  university.  Only  by  a more  thorough-go- 
ing cooperation  between  the  boards  than  now  seems  likely,  will  the 
benefits  of  central  control  be  gained  by  Oklahoma. 

The  scale  of  salaries  of  the  faculty  is  relatively  low.  The  maxi- 
mum salary  of  the  professor  is  $2,000,  with  some  additions — about 
$250 — in  the  case  of  those  who  serve  as  deans.  The  dean  of  the  Law 
School  is  paid  $4,000.  In  view  of  the  isolation  of  the  University  these 
salaries  will  be  found  hardly  sufficient  to  obtain  and  to  hold,  as  a rule, 
the  best  quality  of  teachers.  The  desirability  of  an  immediate  in- 
crease in  the  standard  salary  is  emphasized  by  what  would  be  called 
in  economics,  the  factor  of  risk.  Even  when  this  stage  has  been  passed 
and  the  stability  of  administration  gives  assurance  of  permanency  of 
tenure,  salaries  should  be  pushed  up  rapidly  to  $3,000. 

The  relation  of  the  University  to  the  high  schools  of  the  State  is 
one  needing  most  careful  and  sympathetic  attention.  Last  year  the 


30 


The  University  News-Letter 

inspector  of  high  schools  served  under  the  Board  of  Education  and 
made  no  reports  to  the  University.  This  year  he  has  been  made  a pro- 
fessor in  the  University  and  will  operate  under  the  direction  of  the 
President,  being  ultimately  responsible  to  the  Board  of  Education. 
There  is  therefore  more  or  less  uncertainty  as  to  the  standards  repre- 
sented by  the  high  school  graduates  who  are  admitted  to  the  Universi- 
ty from  the  various  high  schools  of  the  State.  This  will  continue  un- 
til some  uniform  examination  of  these  schools  has  been  made  and  an 
evaluation  of  the  credits  which  their  graduates  represent  has  been 
established.  Success  will  come  slowly  for  a movement  improving  the 
high  schools,  even  with  the  most  loyal  support  from  the  University. 
Several  of  the  State  agencies  for  intermediate  or  higher  education 
operate  directly  to  retard  the  growth  of  local  high  schools.  These 
agencies,  such  as  the  normal  schools,  the  various  State  schools  of  agri- 
culture, and  the  College  of  Agriculture  and  Mechanic  Arts,  undermine 
the  high  school  system  by  receiving  students  who  have  not  completed 
the  courses  in  their  local  high  schools.  Continuance  of  the  practice  will 
necessarily  retard  still  further  the  development  of  the  secondary  school 
system. 

V.  Standards 

In  the  discussion  of  standards  of  admission,  the  statement  just 
made  regarding  the  condition  of  the  high  schools  must  be  kept  in  mind. 
The  range  of  variation  in  the  units  presented  by  different  high  schools 
under  present  conditions  must  be  rather  wide.  As  a practical  procedure 
the  University  is  giving  the  schools  the  benefit  of  its  own  doubts.  Two 
hundred  seventeen  credentials  for  admission  were  checked  over. 


Presenting  15  or  more  units 160  or  73.7  per  cent 

Presenting  14  or  14  1-2  units 25  or  11.5  per  cent 

Presenting  13  or  13  1-2  units 13  or  6-  per  cent 

Presenting  12  or  12  1-2  units 16  or  7.3  per  cent 

Presenting  11  units 3 or  1.5  per  cent 

Special  or  unclassified  students 19 

Students  in  advanced  standing 22 

Engineering  freshmen 24 

Law  freshmen  about 41 


Thirty-six  affiliated  high  schools  were  represented  by  these  en- 
trants; 20  non-affiliated  high  schools  [those  offering  less  than  15  units 
or  having  fewer  than  4 teachers]  also  sent  students;  43  other  schools, 
including  the  normal  schools  and  State  agricultural  schools  and  schools 
outside  the  State,  were  represented  in  the  total.  The  Committee  on 
Admissions,  of  which  Professor  Gittinger  is  chairman,  in  the  adminis- 
tration of  the  entrance  requirements,  is  to  be  commended  for  its  judi- 
cious and  painstaking  work  under  many  difficulties,  difficulties  which 


31 


Statement  as  to  Appropriations 

will  not  be  overcome  until  the  whole  system  of  high  schools  has  been 
given  a thorough  examination  by  a State  inspector.  The  difficulty  con- 
cerning high  schools  is  perhaps  illustrated  by  the  divergence  between  the 
number  of  schools  in  the  State  with  which  the  University  has  affilia- 
tion and  the  number,  four,  recognized  by  the  North  Central  Associa- 
tion of  Colleges  and  Secondary  Schools.  It  is  hardly  possible  that  the 
standards  of  the  University  differ  so  much  from  the  standards  of  the 
North  Central  Association  as  these  figures  indicate. 

The  present  faculty  is  a comparatively  new  body  and  in  spite  of  the 
upheavals  and  interferences  of  recent  years,  it  has  surprisingly  good 
esprit  de  corps.  Of  the  seventy-six  members  of  the  faculty,  excluding 
lecturers  in  the  Medical  Department,  clerks,  and  assistants,  only  ten 
date  their  appointment  previous  to  1906,  and  only  seventeen  previous 
to  1908.  Five  members  of  the  law  faculty  date  their  appointment 
since  1909,  the  year  of  the  organization  of  the  Law  School.  Twelve 
appointments  date  from  1908,  eight  from  1909,  twelve  from  1910,  fifteen 
from  1911,  twelve  from  1912.  Of  these  seventy-six  members  of  the 
faculty,  six  [the  athletic  coach  and  five  teachers  of  music]  have  no 
degree  of  any  kind,  twenty-eight  have  only  the  A.  B.  or  similar  bache- 
lor’s degree,  twenty-two  have  bachelor’s  and  master’s  degrees,  and  five, 
the  Ph.  D.  degree.  Thirteen  of  the  nineteen  holding  the  degree  of  M. 
D.  have  no  other  degrees.  Six  have  the  LL.  B.,  one  of  whom  is  with- 
out an  academic  degree.  One  man  has  the  degree  of  M.  E.  While  the 
degree  Ph.  D.  is  unfortunately  not  an  evidence  of  teaching  ability,  it  is 
noticeable  that  only  9.8  per  cent  of  the  acade:nic  faculty  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Oklahoma,  excluding  the  faculty  of  Law  and  Medicine,  hold 
this  degree,  in  contrast  to  40  per  cent  of  the  faculty  of  the  University 
of  North  Dakota. 

Many  classes  were  visited  during  this  inspection  and  much  good 
teaching  was  observed.  Taken  as  a whole  the  methods  of  instruction 
and  the  spirit  of  the  classroom  would  be  rated  somewhat  above  the 
average.  The  number  of  students  in  classes  or  in  sections  was  satis- 
factory. Only  in  rare  instances  did  I find  a class  running  above  thirty. 
Similarly  the  number  of  hours  required  of  an  instructor  was  not  ex- 
cessive. 

The  number  of  special  or  unclassified  students  is  kept  down  well, 
except  in  the  School  of  Fine  Arts,  where  they  number  seventy-nine  of 
the  total  of  one-hundred  and  twenty-three.  The  School  of  Fine  Arts 
is  the  portion  of  the  University  organization  which  is  most  open  to 
objection.  The  course  leading  to  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Music 
seems  to  be  much  stronger  and  more  easily  justified  on  a general  view 
of  the  conditions  of  the  University  than  the  course  leading  to  the  de- 
gree of  Bachelor  of  Painting.  As  a matter  of  fact,  neither  the  argu- 


the  ueum  rt  ™ 

SEP  l 9 k- 

UWVERSry  rr 

32  The  University  News-Letter 

ments  presented  by  the  officers  of  the  School  of  Fine  Arts  nor  the  ob- 
servations made  of  its  equipment  and  work  are  convincing  as  to  the 
advisability  of  continuing  to  give  a course  leading  to  the  degree  of 
Bachelor  of  Painting.  Without  collections  of  paintings  or  galleries  in 
the  University  or  within  reasonable  reach,  and  with  the  local  demand 
much  stronger  for  elementary  than  for  advanced  instruction  in  draw- 
ing and  painting,  it  would  seem  as  though  the  University  might  well 
abandon  this  part  of  its  fine  arts  work  and  devote  its  energies  to 
making  still  stronger  and  richer  the  present  course  leading  to  a degree 
in  music,  or  a course  in  which  music  shall  be  the  major  study.  Under 
present  conditions  the  latter  work  seems  to  be  soundly  organized  and 
judiciously  administered. 

An  examination  of  che  description  of  courses  in  the  College  of 
Arts  and  Sciences  indicates  a slight  tendency  to  carry  on  the  announce- 
ment of  courses  which  have  not  been  given  for  several  years,  but  no 
one  department  seems  to  be  an  especial  offender  in  this  particular. 
Approximately  170  courses  are  announced  for  the  first  semester,  in- 
cluding certain  courses  alternating  with  other  courses,  for  example, 
courses  in  German  given  in  1911-12  and  notin  1912-13,  and  other  courses 
matching  them  given  in  1912-13  and  not  in  1911-12.  The  number  of 
these  alternating  courses  is  about  27.  Eliminating  this  duplicate 
group  the  total  number  of  first  semester  courses  would  be  approxi- 
mately 143.  Of  these  97,  were  given  both  years;  19  appear  not  to 
have  been  given  for  the  last  two  years,  and  no  memorandum  shows 
when  they  were  last  given. 

VI.  Spirit 

The  spirit  of  the  University  of  Oklahoma  appears  to  be  wholesome, 
virile,  and  ambitious.  Faculty  and  students  alike  are  earnest  for  im- 
provement and  for  service,  They  are  quite  undismayed  by  difficulties 
and  limitations  and  appear  eagerly  to  respond  to  the  call  of  an  exper- 
ienced and  courageous  leader  like  President  Brooks.  The  nature  of 
the  training  of  the  faculty  and  the  necessity  for  devoting  themselves 
to  the  teaching  function  have  combined  to  prevent  any  very  large 
scholarly  activity,  though  four  or  five  exceptions  should  be  mentioned. 
Briefly  speaking,  the  Law  School  seems  to  be  the  department  which 
has  most  certainly  “found  itself”  and  when  it  occupies  its  new  build- 
ing it  will  probably  be  the  most  significant  division  of  the  University. 

KENDRIC  C.  BABCOCK, 

Specialist  in  Higher  Education. 


